When the British East India Company began ruling India, one of their foremost concerns was how to collect revenue from land—their primary source of income. To accomplish this, they devised three major systems: ✅ Zamindari System (1793)✅ Ryotwari System (1820)✅ Mahalwari System (1833) Aspect Permanent Settlement Ryotwari Settlement Mahalwari Settlement Introduced 1793 (Cornwallis) 1820 (Munro)…
Let’s start with the basics— “Poultry” simply refers to domesticated birds raised by humans for meat, eggs, or even feathers. This includes: But in India, chicken dominates, just like cricket dominates sports discussions here. Now, within chicken itself, there are two main categories: So, poultry is not just about one bird, but about a whole…
Let’s begin with the word itself.“Apiculture” is derived from the Latin word “Apis”, meaning bee. So, apiculture literally means “bee farming”—just like agriculture means crop farming. But here’s the twist—you are not farming a plant; you are managing an entire community of flying insects, usually housed in small boxes called hives. 🧠 Think of it…
🔍 What is Aquaculture? Let’s begin with the definition, not as a formality, but as a foundation. Aquaculture, as defined by the FAO, is: “The farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs, and aquatic plants.” Now, focus on the word “farming” — this is what distinguishes aquaculture from fishing.👉 Fishing is hunting in…
Let’s begin with a basic definition, then slowly unravel it—like silk from a cocoon. Sericulture is an Agro-based industry that involves the rearing of silkworms to produce silk. Here, two words are key: Silkworms are raised on mulberry, oak, castor, and arjun leaves. After about a month, they spin cocoons. These cocoons are collected and…
Let’s begin with a simple but profound idea: “Seed is the embryo of agriculture. If the seed is weak, no amount of water, fertiliser or care can transform it into a strong harvest.” Hence, improving seed quality is the first step towards food security. And India, with its vast agricultural base, is today the fifth-largest…
Let’s begin with a basic question: Why do we need fertilisers at all? When a farmer grows crops, the plants absorb nutrients from the soil. Over time, if these nutrients are not replenished, the soil becomes nutrient-deficient, like a student who keeps studying without ever eating—eventually, performance drops. To prevent this ‘malnourishment’ of soil, we…
💧Introduction to Irrigation Before we dive into different types of irrigation, let’s first understand what irrigation actually is, why it matters so much, and how it has evolved over time—especially in a country like India, where agriculture is not just an occupation, but a way of life. Definition of Irrigation Let’s begin with the basics:…
Let’s begin with a simple but profound idea—what is agriculture? If we break down the word, ‘agri’ means land, and ‘culture’ means cultivation—so literally, it means cultivating the land. But in modern usage, agriculture includes much more than just growing crops. It includes: So, agriculture is not just about “khet-khalihan” (fields and farms)—it’s a broad…
