The Sample Registration System (SRS) is India’s most reliable continuous demographic survey, conducted by the Registrar General of India (RGI).Its purpose is simple yet powerful: To provide accurate annual estimates of birth rate, death rate, fertility, and mortality at national and state levels. Key Highlights of Report 2023 Key Terms
Let’s begin with the core idea. The Demographic Transition Model (DTM) tries to explain how population patterns change over time as a society progresses—from being poor, rural, and illiterate to becoming rich, urban, and educated. It was put forward by W.S. Thompson and Frank Notestein, who closely studied the population trends of Europe, Latin America,…
Understanding global fertility trends requires more than just looking at numbers—it demands a deep dive into the “why” behind them. Fertility rates are not randomly distributed; they follow a very predictable global pattern shaped by development, culture, health systems, and individual choice. 🧭 General Observations 🌍 Regional Distribution Patterns Let’s break down the world into…
When we study population geography, we often focus on why people are born (fertility) and why they migrate. But a crucial third component—often overlooked—is why people die and what factors influence death rates in a society. This is what we call the study of mortality. Mortality is not just a biological event. It is deeply…
Fertility lies at the heart of population studies. It is the biological capacity of a woman to give birth, but when we talk about fertility in population geography, we are not just referring to biology—we are talking about a complex interplay of biological, demographic, social, and economic factors that influence the actual number of children…
Starting Point: The Global Figure Imagine you are observing the Earth from space, like a demographer-satellite. The first question you’d naturally ask is:How many people live on this planet? As per the UN World Population Prospects (2024 Revision), the world’s population in mid-2024 stood at approximately 8.16 billion. Let’s now ask: How is this huge…
Population distribution and density are shaped by a complex interplay of physical, socio-cultural, and demographic factors. The way people settle in various regions depends on a combination of environmental conditions, historical influences, economic opportunities, and social dynamics. While some areas naturally attract larger populations due to favorable conditions, others remain sparsely populated due to challenging…
Imagine you’re looking at a world map—not just as a traveler, but as a geographer. You’re not just seeing land and water; you’re trying to understand where people live, why they live there, and how many live in each place. That, in essence, is the study of population distribution and density. Why is Distribution and…
Imagine we are embarking on a journey like in a movie sequence 😊…. We begin in a dense, green forest of Odisha, filled with sal trees and home to tribal communities. The air is fresh, the soil moist, and the streams gurgle with clean water. But as we move forward, we notice something has changed—the…
Imagine you’re assembling a modern gadget—your smartphone, electric car, or a wind turbine. Behind these high-tech marvels are some lesser-known but super-crucial heroes—Rare Earth Elements. List of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) Rare Earth Name Discovery Year Atomic Name & Number Light/Heavy REE Critical/Uncritical Yttrium 1788 Y-39 Heavy Critical Cerium 1803 Ce-58 Light Excessive Lanthanum 1839…
