Seismic waves are mechanical waves, meaning they need a medium—solid, liquid, or gas—to travel. Just like sound waves need air, seismic waves need the Earth’s interior or along it’s surface to move. When an earthquake occurs, energy is released from a specific point inside the Earth, called the focus (hypocenter). Right above this, on the…
Let’s embark on a journey deep into the Earth’s interior, peeling away its layers like an explorer venturing into the unknown depths of a vast, uncharted cave. Imagine yourself standing on solid ground, the surface of our planet. It feels stable, firm, and unyielding. But beneath your feet, an entirely different world exists—a dynamic, fiery…
Imagine holding a rock in your hand—it looks solid, unchanging. But in reality, it’s just one stage in a never-ending journey of transformation, much like how water changes between ice, liquid, and vapor. This continuous process of rocks changing from one form to another is called the Rock Cycle, and it’s been shaping the Earth…
Imagine you are walking through the Himalayas, standing on the rugged cliffs of Ladakh, feeling the crisp mountain air. Beneath your feet, the rocks are not just ordinary stones—they are witnesses to an extraordinary transformation that has taken place over millions of years. These are metamorphic rocks, the ‘phoenix’ of the geological world, which have…
Imagine you are standing on the banks of the Ganges River in Varanasi, watching the water gently carry away bits of soil, sand, and pebbles. Now, trace their journey. These small particles—eroded from the Himalayas—will travel thousands of kilometers, getting deposited along the way in riverbeds, deltas, and eventually in the Bay of Bengal. Over…
Imagine you’re walking on the ground beneath your feet. What supports you? It’s the Earth’s crust, made of materials collectively called rocks. But these rocks are not just solid masses—they are assemblies of elements, the building blocks of the Earth. Think of elements as alphabets. Combine alphabets to form words (compounds), then sentences (minerals), and…
Imagine you are standing on the highest peak of the Himalayas. Now, imagine diving deep into the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the ocean. What do both places have in common? They are both part of Earth’s crust. But have you ever wondered—how did this crust even form? Let’s take a time machine and…
Let’s begin with the definition.Just split the word:Geo = Earth, Morpho = Form, Logy = StudySo, Geomorphology means “the study of Earth’s forms” — more precisely, it is the scientific study of landforms — the physical features you see on the Earth’s surface like mountains, valleys, plateaus, plains, etc. But it doesn’t stop at just…
