(How Parliament questions, criticises, controls and corrects the Government) Question Hour — “The Hour of Accountability” 🕐 Time: First hour of every parliamentary sitting.🎯 Purpose: To obtain information and hold ministers accountable. Types of Questions Type Mark Answer Mode Supplementary Qs? Colour Code Starred ★ Oral ✅ Yes Green Unstarred — Written ❌ No White…
(The mathematical logic behind parliamentary decision-making) Before diving in, let’s pause for a moment and ask —Why do we have different kinds of majorities at all? 👉 Because not all decisions are equal.Passing a simple bill is one thing; removing the President or amending the Constitution is another.So, the Constitution adjusts the level of consensus…
(How and when the Parliament meets, pauses, and ends) Summoning — “Calling the House to Meet” Let’s begin with the word itself — “Summon” means to call together.Just like the principal of a school decides when the classes will reopen after holidays,in Parliament, this power rests with the President of India. Constitutional Provision In simple…
Leader of the House (The Government’s Face Inside Parliament) Let’s start with a basic question —Every school class has a class monitor who maintains order and communicates between the teacher and the students.Similarly, in Parliament, the Leader of the House acts as the political head who coordinates between the government and the House. Who is…
Think of Parliament as a large classroom. Every classroom needs a head — someone who keeps order, decides who speaks, and ensures rules are followed. In the Lok Sabha that head is the Speaker; in the Rajya Sabha it is the Chairman (the Vice-President of India). Both Houses also have deputies who step in when…
When we talk about “Membership of Parliament,” three natural questions arise —👉 Who can become a member? (Qualifications)👉 Who cannot or ceases to be a member? (Disqualifications & Vacating of seats)👉 Who decides these matters? (Authority) Let’s explore all three, one layer at a time. Qualifications — Who Can Become an MP? The Constitution lays…
Territorial Constituencies — “How are Lok Sabha seats distributed?” Let’s begin with a very simple question:When we say India votes to elect members to the Lok Sabha, how exactly does that happen? For this purpose, each State is divided into territorial constituencies — i.e., geographical areas from where people elect their representative. Now, the Constitution…
Why Parliament Holds a Central Place Let’s start with a simple idea:Just as the heart pumps blood to the body, Parliament pumps democratic legitimacy into the entire Union Government. It is the legislative organ of the Union — meaning, it makes laws for the whole country.Now, because India has adopted the Parliamentary form of Government…
Now, imagine this: the Cabinet is already a small, high-powered group — around 15–20 senior ministers.But even this body cannot possibly handle every detail of governance. There are hundreds of ministries, thousands of policy issues, and an endless stream of decisions to be made. So, to make the system efficient, the government created Cabinet Committees…
Let’s start from the foundation. We know that India has adopted the Parliamentary System of Government, modeled on the British system.In this system, the President is the nominal executive (de jure head), while the Council of Ministers headed by the Prime Minister is the real executive (de facto head). So, when we talk about “the…
